Three-Dimensional CT Analysis of Congenital Scoliosis and Kyphosis: A New Classification

With advances in spine surgery, congenital spine deformity can now be treated with corrective fusion and osteotomy, even in young children. In these patients, the spine has various complications of vertebral anomalies and congenital fusion. A successful and safe outcome of corrective surgery requires evaluation by imaging preoperatively. Congenital spinal anomaly has conventionally been evaluated on plain radiographs using the classification described by Winter et al. in 1973 (Winter et al. 1973) as formation failure, segmentation failure, and mixed type (Table 1).